The UNCONSCIOUS - through the EVOLUTION of PSYCHOANALYSIS and NEUROSCIENCE

Instructor:  Eva D. Papiasvili, PhD, ABPP

1st trimester of the (advanced standing) training programs in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis (This course can be taken also as a separate certificate course, with or without the group supervision class)

Course Calendar: 10/6/16 - 12/22/16 (Thursdays, 8:20pm - 9:35pm); no class on 10/27/16 & 11/24/16

Location: 136 East, 55th Street, Apt. 6A,  NYC, NY 10022 (SE corner of 55th Street and Lexington Ave, on a IRT line)
or Virtual participation – via audio/video or audio only

Tuition: $450/ 10-week course/ trimester  (can be paid in 2 installments, upon request). Registration: $25/course (waived for candidates in training) - can be paid by CC via PayPal - follow the link: PayPal.Me/ORINYC

Course Description:

The notion of the dynamic unconscious is universally accepted as the foundational discovery of psychoanalysis and a core assumption of psychoanalytic theory ever since.

The course will start with unfolding of the development of the concept of (the) Unconscious within Sigmund Freud’s ouvre: The Discovery of the Dynamic Unconscious and its Economic Aspect, in the years 1895-1897; followed by the Unconscious of the Early and Advanced stages of Topographic Theory 1900-1923 (System Unconscious, Primary Process, Unconscious Sexuality, Metapsychology, Dual Instinct Theory); and Unconscious as a quality within the Structural Theory.

Next, diverse directions of post-Freudian evolution of the concept within Ego Psychology and Contemporary Structural Theory, Object Relations perspectives, Relational and Self Psychology perspectives, French Tradition, and Latin American conceptualizations of Unconscious Logic and Unconscious Communication, together with recent integrative trends worldwode will be presented and explored.

The segment of The Unconscious in Modern Neuroscience will follow the studies of Dynamic Cognitive, Developmental and Affective Neurosciences of the last 20 years in areas of Primary Process Mentation, Conflict, Repression, Memory, and Early Developmental and Transgenerational findings  pertaining to Bordeline Personality Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. The parallels between the early years of psychoanalytic formulations and early years of modern neuroscience will be considered, as it pertains to the debate over dynamic versus nondynamic unconscious contents, configurations  and processes.

Throughout, the clinical use of the theoretical findings will be illustrated with the help of case studies from the instructor’s and, whenever possible,  the participants’,  clinical work.

If there is an interest and time, the optional addendum of Group Unconscious processes will be also explored.

Learning Goals:

Upon the completion of this advanced level course, the participants will be able to:

- Analyze the evolution of the Freudian and various Post-Freudian theories of (the) Unconscious;

- Apply the knowledge about the evolution of the Freudian and various Post-Freudian theories of (the) Unconscious to their work with patients/ clients;

- Analyze the clinical utility of diverse contemporary conceptualizations of (the) Unconscious;

- Apply the theoretical knowledge about the clinical utility of diverse contemporary conceptualizations of (the) Unconscious to their work with patients/ clients;

- Analyze and evaluate the importance of the contemporary neuroscientific studies of  (the) Dynamic Unconscious processes;

- Apply the knowledge about the contemporary neuroscientific studies of  (the) Dynamic Unconscious processes to their work with patients/ clients.

SYLABUS: 

MEETINGS 1-2:

Introduction to the concept and the overview of the course; Definitions through the last 120 years; Freud’s Dscovery of the Unconscious/Dynamic Unconscious: Hysteria, Defense; Nachträglichkeit, Memory; SE volumes 1-3.

Readings:

Freud,  S.  (1892-1899).  Extracts from the Fliess papers.  SE, 1:173-280.     (especially letter from 1896-97)                       
Freud,  S.  (1895).  Project for scientific psychology.  SE, 1: 281-391.  (especially pp. 281-292)
Freud,  S. [with Breuer J]  (1893-1895). Studies on hysteria. SE, 2:1-321.                                                 
Freud,  S.  (1893). On the psychical mechanism of hysterical phenomena: A lecture. SE  3: 25 39.
Freud,  S.  (1894). The neuro-psychoses of defense. SE  3: 41-61.
Freud,  S.  (1896). Further remarks on the neuro-psychoses of defense. SE 3: 157-185. 

MEETING 3:

Topographic Unconscious/System Unconscious; Intrapsychic Conflict; Primary Process, Secondary Process; Infantile Sexuality; Dual Instinct Theory

Readings:

Freud, S. (1900). Interpretation of Dreams. SE, 4-5, and especially chapter 7. 
Freud, S  (1914-1916). On Narcissism: An Introduction; Papers on Metapsychology: Instincts and Their Vicissitudes, Repression; The Unconscious. SE, 14.
Freud  S (1920). Beyond the pleasure principle. SE, 18, 7-64.                                                   

MEETING 4:

Unconscious of the Structural Model of the Mind/Unconscious as a Quality. Structural (Inter-systemic) Conflict between Id, Ego and Superego; Second Theory of Anxiety; Unconscious Ego: Defensive and adaptive Ego functioning.

Readings:

Freud  S  (1923a). The ego and the id. SE 19:1–66.
Freud  S (1926). Inhibitions, symptoms, and anxiety. SE  20:77-178.                                      

MEETING 5:

Post-Freudian Developments of the Structural Theory in areas of Modern Conflict Theory and Ego Psychology.
Readings: Select writings* of Arlow, Richards, Brenner, Blum, Fernando, Papiasvili.

MEETING 6:

Unconscious in the Object relations Theories:

Readings:

Select writings* of Klein, Bion, Winnicott, Ogden, Grotstein.

MEETING 7:

Unconscious in Relational and Interpersonal schools, and Self Psychology:

Readings:

Select Writings* of Fosshage, Gerson and  Mitchell et al.

MEETING 8:

Unconscious in French and Latin American Conceptualizations and Contemporary Intergrative Trends Worldwide.

Readings:

Select Writings* of Laplanche, Green, Blanco, Baranger(s), Civitarese, Bolognini et al.

MEETING 9 - 10: 

Unconscious in neuroscience: Selected writings of Shevrin, Kandel, Mancia, Kernberg et al.

MEETING 11:

Review and Integration of the above.

* Specific literature assignments will be selected from the list below,  according to the level and interest of the participants: The pace of the course may be similarly adjusted according to the level and interest.

Literature used in this course:   

Arlow, J. A. (1969b). Unconscious fantasies and disturbances of conscious experience. Psychoanalytic Quarterly,  38, 1-27.

Balbernie, R. (2001).  Circuits and circumstances: neurobiological consequences of early relationship experiences and how they shape later behaviors.  Journal of  Child Psychotherapy, 27, 237-255.

Balint, M. (1952). Primary love and the psychoanalytic technique. London: Hogarth.

Baranger, M., & Baranger, W. (2008). The analytic situation as a dynamic field. [Rogers, S., & Churcher, J., translators. ] International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 89, 795–826. [(1961–2). La situacion analítica como campo dinâmico. Rev Urug Psicoanal 4(1), 3–54.]

Beres, D. (1962). The unconscious fantasy. Psychoanalytic Quarterly,  31, 309-328. 

Bion, W.R. (1959). Attacks on linking. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 40, 308–15.

Bion, W.R. (1965). Transformations. London: Karnac.

Boston Change Process Study Group (2008). Forms of relational meaning: issues in the relations between the implicit and reflective-verbal domains.  Psychoanalytic Dialogue, 18(2), 125-148.

Botella, C. (2014). On remembering: The notion of memory without recollection. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 95, 911-936.

Brenner, C. (2002). Conflict, compromise formation, and structural theory. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 71, 397-417.

Busch F (1992). Recurring Thoughts on the Unconscious Ego Resistances. Journal of American Psychoanalytic Association, 40, 1089–1115.

Civitarese, G. (2014). The necessary dream. London: Karnac.

Clyman,  R.B. (1991).  The procedural organization of emotions: a contribution of cognitive science to the psychoanalytic theory of therapeutic action. Journal of American Psychoanalytic Association,  39 (S), 349-382.

De M’Uza,  M.  (2003).  Slaves of quantity.  Psychoanalytic Quarterly,  72, 711 – 725. 

Etchegoyen, R.H., & Ahumada J.L. (1990). Bateson and Matte-Blanco: bio-logic and bi-logic. International Review of Psychoanalysis, 17, 493-502.

Fernando,  J.  (2012).  Trauma and the zero process.  Canadian Journal of  Psychoanalysis, 20, 267 - 290. 

Ferarri, A.B. (2004). From the eclipse of the body to the dawn of thought.  London: Free Association Books.

Fonagy, P. (1999). Memory and therapeutic action.  International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 80, (2), 215-223.  

Fosshage, J.  (2011). The use and impact of the analyst’s subjectivity with empathic and other listening/experiencing perspectives.  Psychoanal Quarterly, 80, (1), 139-160. 

Frank, A. (1969). The unrememberable and the unforgettable: passive primal repression. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 24,  48-77. 

Freud, A.  (1936).  The Ego and the mechanisms of defense. New York: International UP. 

Freud, S.  (1892-1899).  Extracts from the Fliess papers.  SE, 1, 173-280. 

Freud, S.  (1895).  Project for scientific psychology.  SE, 1, 281-391. 

Freud, S. [with Breuer, J.]  (1893-1895). Studies on hysteria. SE, 2, 1-321. 

Freud, S.  (1893). On the psychical mechanism of hysterical phenomena: A lecture.  SE, 3, 25-39.

Freud, S.  (1894).   The neuro-psychoses of defense.   SE, 3, 41-61. 

Freud, S.  (1896).   Further remarks on the neuro-psychoses of defense.   SE, 3, 157-185. 

Freud, S.  (1900a). The interpretation of dreams.  SE, 4, 1-338. 

Freud, S.  (1900b).  The interpretation of dreams.  SE, 5, 339-625. 

Freud, S. (1901). The Psychopathology of everyday life. SE, 6, 1-279. 

Freud, S (1905a). Fragment of an analysis of a case of hysteria. SE, 7, 1-122.

Freud, S (1905b). Jokes and their relation to the unconscious. SE, 8, 9-236.

Freud, S. (1908). Hysterical phantasies and their relation to bisexuality. SE, 9, 155-166.

Freud,  S. (1909a). Analysis of a phobia in a five-year-old boy. SE, 10, 5-149.

Freud, S. (1909b). Notes upon a case of obsessional neurosis. SE, 10, 155-249.  

Freud, S. (1910). A special type of choice of object made by men (Contributions to the psychology of love I). SE, 11, 165-175.  

Freud, S. (1911a).  Psychoanalytic notes on an autobiographical account of a case of paranoia.  SE,  12, 1-84. 

Freud,  S. (1911b). The handling of dream interpretation in psycho-analysis. SE, 12, 89-97.

Freud, S. (1911).  Formulations on the two principles of Mental Functioning. SE,  12, pp. 213-226.

Freud, S. (1912). Recommendations to physicians practicing psycho-analysis. SE, 12, 111-120. 

Freud, S. (1913).  The disposition to obsessional neurosis: a contribution to the problem of the choice of neurosis. SE, 12, 313-326.

Freud, S. (1912-1913).   Totem and taboo. SE, 13, 1-162. 

Freud, S. (1914).  Remembering, repeating, and working through. SE, 12, 145-156.

Freud, S.  (1914).  The Unconscious. SE, 14, pp. 159-216. 

Freud, S. (1915a).  Instincts and their vicissitudes. SE, 14, 109-140.   

Freud, S. (1915b).  Repression.  SE, 14, 141-158.   

Freud, S. ( 1916).  The introductory lectures on psychoanalysis.  SE, 15, 13-240.  

Freud, S. (1917). A metapsychological supplement to the theory of dreams. SE, 14.

Freud, S. (1917).   The introductory lectures on psycho-analysis. SE, 16, 241-465.   

Freud, S. (1918).  From the history of an infantile neurosis. SE, 17, 1-124.  Freud, S. (1919). A child is being beaten. SE, 17, 175-204.

Freud, S. (1920). Beyond the pleasure principle. SE, 18, 7-64.

Freud, S. (1921).  Group psychology and the analysis of the ego.  SE, 18, 65-144.  

Freud, S. (1922).   Some neurotic mechanisms in jealousy, paranoia, and homosexuality. SE, 18, 223-232.  

Freud, S. (1923a). The ego and the id. SE, 19, 1–66.       

Freud, S. (1923b).  Two encyclopaedia articles.  SE, 18, 235-262. Freud, S. (1925). An autobiographical study. SE, 20, 7-74. 

Freud, S. (1926). Inhibitions, symptoms, and anxiety. SE, 20, 77-178.  

Freud, S. (1927). Fetishism. SE, 21, 152-157.   

Freud, S. (1930). Civilization and its discontents.  SE, 21, 57-146.   

Freud, S. (1933). New introductory lectures on psycho-analysis. SE, 22, 1–182.

Freud, S. (1937). Analysis terminable and interminable. SE, 23, 209-254.

Freud, S. (1939). Moses and monotheism. SE, 23, 6-137.   Freud, S. (1940a).  An outline of psycho-analysis.  SE, 23, 139-208.

Freud, S. (1940b). Splitting of the ego in the process of defence. SE, 23, 275-278.

Gerson, S. (2004). The relational unconscious: A core element of intersubjectivity, thirdness, and clinical process. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 73, 63-98.

Green,  A. (1969).  Sexualité et Idéologie chez Marx et Freud.  Etudes Freudiennes, 1-2, 187-217.

Green, A. (1973). Le discours vivant, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.

Green, A. (2002) Les coupures épistemologiques de Freud, in Idées directrices pour une psychanalyse contemporaine, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, pp. 135-152.

Green A (2002). Time in psychoanalysis. London. New York. Free Association Books.

Greenberg, J. (1991). Oedipus and beyond: A clinical theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Grotstein, J. 2008: The overreaching Role of Unconscious Phantasy. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 28, 190-205.

Guignard, F. (1995). The Infantile In The Analytic Relationship. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 76, 1083-1093.

Hartmann, H. (1939). Ego psychology and the problem of adaptation. D. Rapaport (Trans.). New York: International UP.

Hartmann, H., Kris,  E., & Loewenstein, R.L.  (1946). Comments on the formation of psychic structure.   Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 2, 11-38.

Kandel, E. (1998).  A new intellectual framework for psychiatry. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 457-469.

Kandel, E. (1999). Biology and the future of psychoanalysis: A new intellectual framework for psychiatry revisited. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 505-524.

Kaplan-Solms, K., & Solms, M. (2000). Clinical studies in neuro-psychoanalysis: Introduction of a depth neuropsychology. London: Karnac.

Kernberg, O.F.  (2015).  Neurobiological correlates of object relations theory: The relationship between neurobiological and psychodynamic development. International Forum of Psychoanalysis, 24 (1), 38-46.

Klein,  G.  (1976).  Psychoanalytic Theory.  New York: International UP.

Kohut,  H.  (1977). The Restoration of the Self.  New York: International UP.

Kris, E.  (1956a). On some vicissitudes of insight in psychoanalysis. In E. Kris, Selected papers of Ernst Kris (1975), pp. 252-271. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Laplanche, J. (1999). Implantation, intromission. In J. Laplanche, Essays on Otherness, p.133-138. London & New York: Routledge.

Loewald,  H.W.  (1978). Instinct theory, object relations, and psychic-structure formation. Journal of American Psychoanalytic Association, 26, 493-506.  

Mancia,  M. (2006). Psychoanalysis and neuroscience. Milan: Springer.Ogden, T.H. (1992a). The dialectically constituted/decentered subject of psychoanalysis. I. The Freudian subject. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 73, 517–526.

Ogden, T. H. (1992b). The dialectically constituted/decentered subject of psychoanalysis. II. The contributions of Klein and Winnicott. Int J  Psycho- Analysis, 73, 613–626.

Papiasvili, E. D. (1995). Conflict in psychoanalysis and in life. International Forum of Psychoanalysis, 4, 215-220.

Panksepp, J. (1999).  Drives, affects, id energies, and the neuroscience of emotions. Response to the Commentaries by Jaak Panksepp. Neuropsychoanalysis, 1, 69-89.

Peirce, C. S. (1894). “What is a sign?” in Pierce Edition Project (Ed.), The essential Peirce, vol. II (1893-1913), 1998, pp. 4-10. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Racker, H. (1957). The meanings and uses of countertransference. Psychoanal Quarterly, 26, 303-357.

Rangell, L.  (1969a). the intrapsychic process and its analysis—a recent line of thought a and its current implications. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 50, 65-77.

Rangell,  L.  (1969b). Choice-conflict and the decision-making function of the ego: A psychoanalytic contribution to decision theory. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 50, 599-602.

Rangell,  L.  (1971). The decision-making process: A contribution from psychoanalysis. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 26,  425-452.

Rangell,  L.  (2004). My life in theory. New York: Other Press.

Richards, A.D.  (1992). Unconscious fantasy: An introduction to the work of Jacob Arlow. Journal of Clinical Psychoanalysis, 1, 505-512. Richards, A.D.  (1986). Introduction. In A. Richards & M. Willick (Eds.), Psychoanalysis, the science of mental conflict: Essays in honor of Charles Brenner. Hillsdale, N.J.: The Analytic Press.    

Richards, A.D., & Lynch, A.A.  (2010).   From ego psychology to contemporary conflict theory: A historical overview.  In  S. Ellman (Ed.), When theories touch. London: Karnac Books.

Sandler, J., & Sandler, A. (1987). The past unconscious, the present unconscious and the vicissistudes of guilt. Int J Psycho-anal, 68, 321-341.

Sandler. J., & Sandler, A. (1994). The past unconscious and the present unconscious: a contribution to a technical frame of reference. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 49,  278-292.

Sandler. J., & Rosenblatt, B. (1962).  The concept of the representational world.  Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 17, 128-145. Scarfone,  D. (2014). L'impassé, actualité de l'inconscient, in : L'actuel en psychanalyse, Bulletin de la Société Psychanalytique de Paris. Paris: PUF.

Schore,  A.N. (2003).  Affect regulation and the repair of the self.  New York: Norton.

Schur, M. (1966). The id and the regulatory principles of mental functioning.  New York: International UP.   

Siegel, D. J. (1999).  The developing mind: Towards a neurobiology of interpersonal experience.  New York: The Guilford Press.

Siegel, D. J.  (2007). The mindful brain. New York: Norton.

Shevrin, H. (1994). The uses and abuses of memory. Journal of American Psychoanalytic Association, 42, 991-996.

Shevrin,  H. (1997). Commentaries. Journal of American Psychoanalytic Association, 45, 746-753.

Shevrin, H. (1999). University of Michigan: Program of research on unconscious processes. Neuropsychoanalysis, 1, 287-288. 

Shevrin, H. (2002). A psychoanalytic view of memory in the light of recent cognitive and neuroscience research. Neuropsychoanalysis, 4, 131-139.

Solms, M. (2000a).  Freud, Luria and the clinical method. Psychoanalytic History, 2, 76-109.

Solms,  M. (2000b). Dreaming and REM sleep are controlled by different brain mechanisms. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 843-850.

Solms,  M., & Turnbull, O.H. (2011).  What is neuropsychoanalysis?  Neuropsychoanalysis, 13, 133-145.

Spitz, R. (1957). No and Yes – The genesis of human communication. New York: International UP. 

Stein, R. (2008). The otherness of sexuality: excess. Journal of  American Psychoanalytic Association, 56, 43-71.  

Stern,  D. (1985).  The interpersonal world of the infant. New York: Basic Books.  

Wright, J. S., &  Panksepp, J. (2014).  An evolutionary framework to understanding foraging, wanting and desire: The Neuropsychology of the SEEKING System.  Neuropsychoanalysis, 14, 5-39.

BIO of the instructor:

  Eva D. Papiasvili, Ph.D., ABPP has been a Senior Clinical Faculty and Supervisor in the Doctoral program of Clinical Psychology at Columbia University in New York, for the past 30 years. She is the past Executive Director and Dean of the Institute of the Postgraduate Psychoanalytic Society where she has been a Training and Supervising Analyst since 1996; Teaching, Supervising and Training Analyst, Object Relations Institute; Founder and Chair of the Psychoanalysis, Art and Creativity, www.psychartcreativity.org, an Affiliate of the International Association for the Arts and Psychology; Editorial Board member of the International Journal for Group Psychotherapy; a Guest Editor and Reader for the International Forum for Psychoanalysis and for the Psychoanalytic Inquiry. In 2014, she has been appointed a Co-Chair for North America (USA, Canada, Japan) of the IPA Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychoanalysis Task Force. Dr. Eva Papiasvili is a Member of the American Psychoanalytic Association and its Committee for Psychoanalysis and the Arts; American Psychological Association and its Divisions for Psychoanalysis (39) and Clinical Psychology (12); International Psychoanalytical Association;  and International Group Psychotherapy Association. She has been awarded an Honorary Membership of the Czech Psychoanalytic Society (IPA), and an Honorary Membership of the American College of Psychoanalysts. Originally from the Czech Republic, she lives and works in New York.

For more information, visit Dr. Papiasvili's ORI Faculty profile HERE.